Friday, March 1, 2013

Two Simon Fraser Routes?


Most history books say that Simon Fraser followed the route of Mackenzie down the Bad  River, but this different story has him starting at Tete Jaune: Have we been Mislead?

THE DEWDNEY TRAIL.
By MAJOR H. T. NATION.
In these days of rapid transit, when men and goods are transported even through
the air, we are apt to forget the clays when the plodding beast of burden was the best
and fastest means of transport. Here in British Columbia, however, we are still in
touch with transportation by pacic-train and on foot through our rugged mountains
and over our plains. There are many persons now living who used these means entirely in their early experiences in the country.
One of the best-known routes used by the pacific-trail was the Dewdney Trail,
and it is this that we will discuss this evening.
The topography of the Province is such that the travel from east to west is
necessarily over a series of mountain ranges which themselves run north-west and
south-east. This fact brings to our attention that in early days all travel was
north and south along the valleys, rivers, and lakes.
For the purposes of the trappers and fur-traders it was sufficient to follow these
trails, and further, owing to the fact that the Hudson’s Bay Company carried on their
business along the Columbia River as far as the sea, the main routes were along that
river to its source, and up the various branches of it and overland to the upper waters
of the Fraser River.
On the adjustment (by the Treaty of June 15th, 1846) of the boundary between
the United States and Canada, which resulted in the 49th parallel becoming this
boundary, it was necessary for the above-mentioned Company to discover routes east
and west which would run entirely in British territory. The Company withdrew its
establishments from the Columbia area, and settled at Fort Victoria in 1843.
Arrowsmith’s map of 1837, a copy of which exists in the Provincial Archives, shows
the only east-west route to be that taken by Sir Alexander Mackenzie in 1792—93.
In 1805 Simon Fraser came in by the Tete Jaune Pass and down the Fraser River. thus
making a through trip, which, however, is said not to have quite reached the sea at
the mouth of the Fraser